Recently, [Manuel] did a post on making logic gates out of anything. He mentioned a site about relay logic. While it is true that you can build logic gates using switch logic (that is, two switches in ...

Ladder logic uses switch or relay contacts to implement Boolean expressions. In years past, ladder logic was made possible with discrete relays and was sometimes termed “relay logic.” Today most ...

There are a few words in the electrical engineering lexicon that will perk any hardware hacker’s ears. The first of course is “Nixie tubes” with their warm cold war era ambiance and nostalgia inducing ...

When using numerical relays it is necessary to provide a suitable method for handling the relay logic capabilities, which should include blocks with control inputs, virtual outputs, and hardware ...

Electromechanical relays and pneumatic logic have been used for many decades to perform logical functions in automated safety protection systems. These circuits can be wired (or piped) to perform AND, ...

This mini-series of articles describes how to build a computer’s CPU (central processing unit) out of relays. “Y” in English sounds like “guay” in Spanish (my mother tongue), a colloquial expression ...

Most industrial facilities include electric motors that require overload relays for protection, control and monitoring purposes. The latest overload relays are often called motor management relays ...

Programmable logic controllers (PLCs) and computer-based controllers are great for handling logic and data-collection tasks for industrial controls. But when it comes to driving motors, heaters, ...

Relays usually are driven using optocouplers, which offer isolation between analog and digital grounds to ensure that switching currents in the relay coils do not affect the noise margin of the ...