APRC Publication Nontimber forest products (NTFP) play a critical role in the livelihoods of communities (particularly those of the poorest members of those communities) around the world, often representing between 10–50% of total household income; in some instances, that share may be even higher. Frankincense is one such already commercialized NTFP. It is an aromatic terpenoid oleo-gum-resin, produced by trees in the genus Boswellia. While frankincense from many species has been internationally